Trump 2.0: The First 100 Days | United States

Immigration Occupations With Highest Share of Undocumented Workers

Impact on CRE

• Talent attraction and retention has remained a critical element of the latest cycle with widespread reporting of labor shortages in sectors important for CRE. Further challenges in the labor market are likely.

Driver/sales workers and truck drivers

5.5%

11.9%

Childcare workers

10.3%

14.5%

U.S. Southern Border States

Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

8.9%

17.1%

Electricians

7.1%

19.0%

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers

10.0%

20.7%

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators

7.5%

21.3%

• Specific occupations have outsized reliance on undocumented workers, many of which are concentrated in the construction, retail, hotel and other services sectors (like childcare).

Production workers, all other

10.6%

21.7%

Food preparation workers

11.0%

23.6%

Janitors and building cleaners

12.7%

25.6%

Welding, soldering, and brazing workers

10.5%

27.4%

Industrial truck and tractor operators

11.7%

27.5%

Chefs and head cooks

15.0%

27.8%

Packers and packagers, hand

18.1%

28.8%

• Fewer workers showing up to work (employed but not at work status in the BLS House Survey) and a reduction in labor supply will be the immediate impacts of President Trump’s policy. Labor supply will likely remain a key challenge going forward, with more unpredictability.

Dishwashers

14.9%

29.3%

Grounds maintenance workers

23.5%

40.1%

Construction laborers

28.2%

44.8%

Maids and housekeeping cleaners

26.4%

44.9%

Carpet, floor and tile installers and finishers

26.6%

48.4%

Roofers

37.2%

49.4%

Painters, construction and maintenance

34.3%

53.2%

Misc. ag workers

46.6%

57.5%

Drywall and ceiling tile installers, and tapers

49.5%

65.6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Source: Gad Levanon/Burning Glass Institute. Calculated using CBO, “The Demographic Outlook: 2024 - 2054.” Baker. B and Warren R. April 2024. U.S. Department of Homeland Security: Office of Homeland Security Statistics. ‘Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant Popula tion Residing in the United States: January 2018- January 2022’. U.S. Census Bureau: Population Estimates Program, 2010 -2023. Van Hook, J. Gelatti, J., Ruiz Soto, A.G. ‘A Turning Point for the Unauthorized Immigrant Population in the United States’, Migration Policy Institute, September 2023.

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Cushman & Wakefield