City Logistics

EUROPEAN CITIES BY TYPICAL CITY LOGISTICS STRATEGIES

The strategy classifications for these cities is based on our analysis and reflects what we would expect for a business seeking to distribute to the entirety of these cities.

SINGLE EDGE-LOCATION FACILITY STRATEGY

The strategies employed – both in number of depots and their locations – may differ for different businesses based on parcel volumes handled and the areas served, reflecting the complexities of large city logistics. Many cities will use not only depots in edge locations but will also incorporate inner city microfulfilment depots for transfer to alternative vehicles (such as cargo bikes) for final-metre delivery (particularly in cities where vehicle movement restrictions including LEZs and ZEZs are in place or are planned or where inner city road congestion is particularly challenging for efficient delivery). Use and location of microfulfilment depots will depend on factors such as parcel volumes and population distribution.

MULTIPLE-FACILITY STRATEGY CITY INCLUDING INNER CITY FACILITIES

MULTIPLE EDGE-LOCATION FACILITY STRATEGY *

* Operations to serve these cities are likely to involve multiple facility strategy from edge-of-city locations but have the potential to require facilities in inner city locations. Depending on volumes and population distribution, strategies may also include inner city microfulfilment depots for final-metre delivery (particularly where vehicle movement restrictions are in place or are planned). ** Facilities serving these cities are likely to serve larger ‘city regions’ rather than a single city. For example, a depot serving Amsterdam is also likely to serve Haarlem, Lelystad and other population centres. These depots may also be complemented with inner-city microfulfilment delivery hubs to achieve last-metre delivery such as by cargo bike.

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CUSHMAN & WAKEFIELD

INDUSTRIAL EVOLUTION | CITY LOGISTICS